Fairly expensive, as you’d need a new disposable submarine for each execution.
Most execution is actually pretty barbaric. The multi drug cocktail used for executions in the US is a horrible system that was designed by a non-doctor. The first drug knocks you out, the second drug paralyzes you, and the 3rd drug stops your heart. Problem is if they don’t give you enough of the first drug, you can be awake while your heart is being stopped which is apparently quite painful, but since you’re immobilized you can’t communicate that at all.
The only humane way I am aware of to kill a condemned person would be have them breathe pure nitrogen. Nitrogen is all around us- the air we breathe is 80% nitrogen so the body doesn’t react negatively to it. But without that 20% oxygen, the brain asphyxiates and dies in just a few minutes. The prisoner would simply pass out and not wake up.
This protocol is often used to euthanize laboratory animals as it is considered among the most humane.
It’s pretty fucked up that lab rats get a better death than humans.
I’ll be honest, i never thought about HOW death sentences are executed, mostly because i live in a country where death sentences are seen as barbaric and are not possible thankfully. But now that i think about it, a “mutli-drug cocktail” sounds like one of the worst ideas, next hanging and guillotine.
Being drawn and quartered or golden bulled sounds like one of the worse ideas.
Hanging, rifle line, and the guillotine are slightly better as they’re less violent and more ‘matter of fact’.
A multi-drug cocktail sounds like one of the most humane methods, medicinally and painlessly ending a life. Sadly they’ve fucked up even that by not doing it properly.
The problem is you can't get any actual doctors to help make it medically sound on account of that whole "do no harm" thing they're supposed to uphold, so you end up with quacks that use a functionally random set of drugs that make it appear to the crowd as a painless way to die when in actuality its one of the most brutally painful possible ways to die.
I'd like a reinforced cell with an explosive charge under my bed. When my execution date comes, the charge is detonated. The explosion is so fast and violent that my brain ceases to be before the pain signal from my nerves even reaches it. I would never even be aware that my date had come.
Neoliberalism has contributed to substantial reductions in absolute poverty in countries like China and India, not to mention increased wealth all over the world. This is obviously a sore point for more pure leftists who would like to see countries with neolib policies fail.
Well, yes, “neoliberalism” is mostly a pejorative term so perhaps it’s pointless to argue this point. But China certainly has adopted economic reforms that are liberal, such as market economy principles, entrepreneurship and free markets in general.
Software consists of instructions for a computer to do something. These are made to be easy to follow for a computer, not for a human.
Humans write software in a human-readable form, the source code. This then (usually) gets converted to a machine-readable form, called machine code (or bytecode for some languages).
Depending on the programming language and settings used, more or less information is completely lost in the process. For some languages (.NET, Java) you can get most of the structure, sometimes even with most original variable and function names, back from the bytecode, and see relatively easily what the program does.
For other languages (e.g. C/C++), even the structure is lost - you can't even reliably tell which parts of the program belong to the same function. You can read the machine code, and it "clearly" says what it does, but trying to make sense of that mess is slow, error-prone, and you won't fully understand every part (it's just too much), so you will mostly be looking for parts that seem related to what you're interested in. For example, if you're looking for an encryption algorithm, you may look for code that opens two files, reads from one and writes to the other, then look for a piece of code "nearby" that's doing a lot of math. Or for malware, you may want to focus on network connections. Since the software needs to talk to the operating system to make network connections, this tends to happen in a standardized way and you can quickly find the part of the code that talks to the network features of the OS.
You can also run the program step by step and observe what it does (possibly messing with it while doing so to see how that changes the behavior).
For an example of how machine code looks, what in source code would be ShowDialog('hello') could become
put 0x1005f225 (your reverse engineering tool helpfully will add a note that this is the address where a text "hello" is stored) into register 1
increment stack pointer by 4
push R1 onto the stack
call 0x10000443C (you now look at the code there)
put the value of R1 into R4
if r1 is zero jump to 0x10004458
put r4 onto the stack
call the OS function to show a dialog (if you're lucky your reverse engineering tool has identified this for you.)
(Made up inaccurate example just to illustrate the idea. It's horrible to read.)
To understand this you need to know how code is compiled into machine code. So basically computers only understand ones and zeros, but that’s really hard for humans to work with. So we created something called assembly, which allows us to convert more human understandable phrases like “add” and “sub” to perform calculations and map them to certain machine code instructions (AKA ones and zeros). But it turns out using just assembly was also pretty tedious, so they created languages like C, where you have another program called a compiler take in C code which was easier for humans to understand and convert it to the equivalent assembly automatically.
So most software you run on the computer is a binary, meaning it’s a bunch of the machine code that was previously compiled from some other language like C. You can decompile these binaries back into assembly, which you can then manually read and convert back to a more human readable language. There’s also other tools out there that make this process easier, but that’s the basic idea: take ones and zeros, convert it back into assembly, then try and figure out how it works from there.
Despite the overall quality of the water in the region, the water pipes can ruin it. If you got lead pipes you should avoid drinking the water or using it for cooking. Boiling won’t change it.
In Germany, landlords are legally required to tell you if there are lead pipes in your house, don’t know about other countries. Typically, the risk of having lead pipes is higher if the house is older.
I don’t know if it’s actually true, but some have said that the Roman empire collapsed because the lead in waterworks and aquaducts made people lose their sanity slowly.
Likewise, the crime wave of the 70s in the US has been directly linked to leaded gasoline putting lead in the air, and leaded paint. You can map the crime wave literally block-by-block to correspond with areas that have not done lead mitigation efforts or those that have.
Also makes you think about the pathologically evil governmental policies the older generation have enacted, and how those people have also been influenced by lead in the air.
I’m of the understanding that lead poisoning effects the ability to engage in theory of mind (thinking about what someone else is thinking— also, empathy) and future planning, consideration of consequences, first before influencing other mental faculties. Which is why it can be linked to crime so easily.
You can setup HTTP reverse proxy on your VPS. You’ll need to point the domain to your VPS for that to work.
What I really want is to be able to host multiple websites with my single home IP without those websites being obviously connected
That’s easy. You have two ways:
Host the websites under different paths in the same domain. If your websites are static this is fine, but if they are “services” this may not be feasible (and could be very complicated if it is feasible).
Host them under different sub-domains. The way it works is you create a bunch of NS records in your DNS, pointing the subdomains to your root domain, and setup one “virtual host” for each of them in your HTTP server. Both Apache and Nginx have the ability to match virtual host by domain name.
to avoid automatic bots constantly looking for vulnerabilities in my home network.
I’m not sure how you would eliminate bots by separating the websites though.
You got paid, because it’s required by law that you do. Your boss is also required by law to not interfere with your service. It awesome that the judge held up the law. They would normly just dismiss you because it would take up time they don’t have.
You got paid, because it’s required by law that you do.
That's not true. Maybe it varies from state to state, I dunno, but I live in an otherwise very blue state, and there's no statute on the books saying that a private employer must pay for time missed for jury duty.
They are required to allow you to go if you're summoned, but beyond that, it's their choice. Obviously, most (if not all) choose not to.
Absolutely. I hear Witcher 3 is good, and I believe that it is… but after playing it for 5 hours and feeling like I got nowhere, the next day I just genuinely didn’t feel like playing it as I’d felt very little character progress, and zero story progression.
Games are continuing to market towards younger people - especially kids - with spare time to burn. They consider their 120+ hour playtime to be a selling point, but at this point that’s the reason I avoid them. If I’m going to play for an hour or so at the end of my day, I want that game to feel like it meant something.
I prefer my games to feel dense, deliberately crafted, minimal sawdust padding. I’ve enjoyed open-world in the past but the every-increasing demand for bigger and bigger maps means that most open-world games are very empty and mostly traversal. Linear worlds aren’t bad - they can be crafted much more deliberately and with far more content because you can predict when the player will see them.
Open worlds that craft everything in it deliberately are very rare, and still rely on constraints to limit the player into somewhat-linear paths. Green Hell needs a grappling hook to leave the first basin, Fallout: New Vegas fills the map north of Tutorial Town with extreme enemies to funnel new players south-east.
And what really gets me is that with microtransactions, the number of games that make themselves so big and so slow that they’re boring on purpose, so that they can charge you to skip them! Imagine making a game so fucking awful that anybody buying a game will then buy the ability to not play it because 80% of the game is sawdust: timers, resource farming, daily rotations, exp grinding. Fucking nightmare, honestly.
I did jury duty for a week and was not paid a cent by my full time employer. That jury duty caused me to go without groceries for a while.The U.S. fucking sucks. The employee class is treated like absolute trash here.
"Slavery's illegal... unless we want you for jury duty." is definitely some horseshit. My job will pay for like a week, but the fact that it's entirely possible to be called for longer and have the state pay you fuckall is ridiculous.
I did jury duty a bit over a year ago. It was a really interesting experience to see the machinary of the justice system operating.
I was chairperson in our jury. Reading our verdict to the court, with the accused sitting maybe 10 meters away was quite nerve-wracking. But, we did the right thing, justice was dispensed that day.
“No slavery or involuntary servitude” and then forces you to serve, involuntarily, in their army if they can’t get enough fools to volunteer for a war.
I mean, that's literally what every country in the entire world would do if their existence or culture was at risk of being destroyed. Who the fuck would just roll over and allow someone to kill their family and rape their resources? Is that you?
Yes. It may vary by location, but in my area you get $15 a day from the court for going to jury duty. Employers are not required to pay you for time you are on jury duty.
This! Further where I am at its not limited to like your closest courthouse or closest three or even like closest plus the big downtown one. To boot some are in pretty dangerous neighborhoods.
Was there no hardship exception where you were? That’s unreal. I’m pretty sure they asked at the beginning of the selection process when I served if anyone needed to be dismissed for financial hardship. I think they even used not being able to pay for food as an example of what meets the threshold for an actual hardship.
My trial ended up lasting about 3 weeks and I want to say my check was around $115 and included “mileage”… Lol. I was unemployed at the time, otherwise I would have been pissed. Definitely not doable for a lot of people.
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