I feel like often people ask me “Oh yea? Name some examples.” and the burden is on me to prove something by providing representative examples. But often it’s so overwhelming how many examples there are for something that I feel obligated then to either list everything, or try extra hard to find good examples, and even then...
<p>Are women in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) careers finally on equal footing with men? A comprehensive new study spearheaded by researchers Stephen J. Ceci from Cornell University, Shulamit Kahn from Boston University, and Wendy M. Williams, also from Cornell University, provides a pivotal update on the state of gender bias within academia’s tenure-track positions.</p>
<p>This research, published in the journal <a href="https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/15291006231163179"><em>Psychological Science in the Public Interest</em></a>, provides evidence that the academic landscape is showing significant strides towards equality, with women now as likely as men to secure grant funding, publish research, and receive strong letters of recommendation. However, the study also uncovers areas where disparities remain, specifically in teaching evaluations and salary, highlighting the nuanced nature of progress in STEM fields.</p>
<h3>Unveiling the Motivation Behind the Study</h3>
<p>This extensive research was born out of a necessity to provide a balanced and evidence-based view on gender bias in academia, amidst a backdrop of often conflicting and ideologically charged discourse.</p>
<p>By employing an adversarial collaboration approach, the researchers engaged in a rigorous years-long process of challenging each other’s assumptions and interpretations. This method ensured a comprehensive examination of existing literature across multiple disciplines, focusing on six key areas critical to academic career advancement.</p>
<p>“Williams and I published a number of analyses showing no hiring bias against women in the tenure-track academy and in fact usually pro-female hiring advantage,” explained Ceci, the H. L. Carr Chaired Professor of Psychology at Cornell University and past president of the Society for Experimental Psychology & Cognitive Science.</p>
<p>“We based this claim on both experimental (matched-CV) studies as well as on national cohort analyses. In contrast, Shu Kahn has published a number of analyses with the opposite finding. So we agreed to work as an ‘adversarial collaboration’ to try to resolve our disagreements.”</p>
<p>“It took us almost 5 years of hard work and constant back-and-forth but we finally did manage to resolve our differences. This is a big achievement, if I may so, because until our adversarial collaboration there were two sides and the twain never met.”</p>
<h3>Key Findings: A Shift Towards Gender Equality</h3>
<p>The researchers’ synthesis of data from 2000 to 2020 across hundreds of studies painted a picture of significant progress toward gender equality in STEM academia. Contrary to widespread beliefs, their findings indicate that:</p>
<ul>
<li>Women and men have equal chances of being awarded grant funding, the authors found from a meta-analysis of 39 studies including data from more than 2 million applications to 27 grant agencies.</li>
<li>There is no gender bias in the acceptance of journal articles for publication, according to the authors’ meta-analysis of 33 studies.</li>
<li>Women receive equally strong, if not stronger, letters of recommendation, according to the findings of nine studies that analyzed letters written from 1990 to 2017 for the fields of psychology, physics, biology, medicine, chemistry, and geoscience.</li>
<li>Women are more likely than men to be hired for tenure-track positions, the authors found through a review of existing studies and their own analysis of data from the National Science Foundation.</li>
</ul>
<p>This evidence suggests a marked departure from past conditions, where gender bias was more evident.</p>
<p>“A common claim is that gender bias in the academy is rampant: it can be seen in domains such as hiring (where a male’s name on a CV generates more job offers than a female’s name on the same CV), promotion, remuneration (the gender-salary gap), letters of recommendation (allegedly stronger letters written for men), grant funding and journal acceptance rates disadvantage women,” Ceci told PsyPost.</p>
<p>“Yet, after extensive analyses we found that very few of the above beliefs are supported by the totality of evidence. While there are studies documenting gender bias in each of the above domains, the full body of evidence often supports gender neutrality or some domains bias in favor of women.”</p>
<p>“Readers unfamiliar with the totality of evidence may base their beliefs of widespread gender bias on their awareness of a few highly salient studies that document bias against women, which either fail to withstand replication or are offset by larger, more powerful studies that report no gender bias or even significant bias in favor of women.”</p>
<p>“Readers should take away the importance of considering all of the evidence, not just cherry-picked studies that are consistent with one’s favored position.”</p>
<h3>Persisting Biases: Teaching Ratings and Salary</h3>
<p>However,he study found evidence of gender bias in teaching evaluations, with female instructors often unfairly judged compared to their male counterparts. Women academics tended to receive lower teaching evaluations from students despite being equally effective educators.</p>
<p>“There were many things that surprised us,” Ceci said. “For example, we went into our adversarial collaboration disagreeing about tenure-track hiring but we had no predictions about gender gaps in teaching evaluations, for example.”</p>
<p>“This is easiest to see in Rate-My-Professor tags where nearly all negative terms (e.g., disorganized) are used to describe female instructors more than males and the opposite is true of positive terms.”</p>
<p>Salary analysis revealed a less than 4% unexplained gender salary gap for similar scientists, which, while significantly smaller than previously claimed, indicates room for improvement in achieving full salary equality.</p>
<p>“We went into our study aware of the most common estimate which is that female professors earn only 80 cents on every dollar men earn,” Ceci told PsyPost. “We found this was an overestimate due to failure to control for important variables such as seniority, field of research, productivity, etc. When all variables were controlled we found women were still underpaid vis-a-vis comparable men but the gap went from 20% to only 3.6%. That surprised us.”</p>
<p>The study provides valuable insights into gender bias in academia, particularly in STEM fields. However, like all research, it has its limitations, which are crucial to consider when interpreting the findings and implications.</p>
<h3>Caveats to Consider</h3>
<p>The study’s scope is focused specifically on tenure-track positions within academia, which means its findings may not be fully representative of the broader landscape of STEM professions, including non-tenure-track roles, industry positions, and government jobs. This focus excludes a significant portion of the workforce where gender bias could manifest differently.</p>
<p>In addition, the analysis primarily addresses biases evident from 2000 to 2020, thereby excluding historical data that could provide a deeper context for understanding the evolution of gender bias over time.</p>
<p>“No single study — no matter how long it took to complete or how counter-balanced its authors were — is ever perfect,” Ceci said. “Science proceeds in a self-correcting manner and I have no doubt that in the future some of our findings may become obsolete.”</p>
<p>“For the time being, Williams and I have moved on from this area of research. Whether we will return to it is unknown. We spent five years struggling with this and we feel we deserve respite.”</p>
<p>The study, “<a href="https://doi.org/10.1177/15291006231163179" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Exploring Gender Bias in Six Key Domains of Academic Science: An Adversarial Collaboration</a>,” was published in the July 2023 issue of <em>Psychological Science in the Public Interest</em>.</p>
Hi there! Looks like you linked to a Lemmy community using a URL instead of its name, which doesn’t work well for people on different instances. Try fixing it like this: !bestoflemmy
<p>In a landmark study led by the National Institutes of Health (NIH), scientists have uncovered a connection between symptoms of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and unusual patterns of brain connectivity. Analyzing nearly 10,000 brain images from youths with and without ADHD, the researchers identified distinctive interactions between the brain’s frontal cortex and deep brain structures involved in processing information. This discovery, published in the <a href="https://ajp.psychiatryonline.org/doi/10.1176/appi.ajp.20230026"><em>American Journal of Psychiatry</em></a>, provides new insights into the neurological underpinnings of ADHD and opens avenues for future research and potential treatments.</p>
<p>ADHD is a neurodevelopmental disorder that impacts attention, impulsivity, and activity levels, affecting approximately 5%-10% of school-aged children. Despite decades of research, understanding the exact brain mechanisms of ADHD has been challenging, often leading to mixed findings from smaller studies. The NIH team embarked on this extensive study to clarify how the brain’s connectivity patterns relate to ADHD symptoms, leveraging the power of a large dataset to overcome the limitations of previous research.</p>
<p>The study analyzed functional brain images from 9,890 youths, both with and without ADHD, from six different datasets. The researchers focused on how different brain regions communicate during rest, particularly looking at connections between deep brain structures and areas in the frontal lobe involved in attention and behavioral control. By examining these connections, the team sought to test theories about the brain’s role in ADHD, which have previously produced inconsistent results due to the small scale of many studies.</p>
<p>In comparing brain connectivity between youths diagnosed with ADHD and those without the disorder, the study found marked differences in the patterns of connectivity involving certain brain regions. Specifically, individuals with ADHD exhibited heightened connectivity between deep brain structures—namely the caudate, putamen, and nucleus accumbens—and frontal brain areas.</p>
<p>These frontal areas are critical for attention and regulating undesired behaviors, while the deep brain structures are involved in processes such as learning, movement, reward, and emotion. This increased connectivity was especially pronounced between the caudate and putamen seeds and areas in the frontal lobe, including the superior temporal gyri, insula, inferior parietal lobe, and inferior frontal gyri.</p>
<p>Additionally, connectivity between the amygdala and dorsal anterior cingulate cortex was also found to be higher in youths with ADHD. These findings suggest an atypical neural communication pattern in ADHD, particularly between brain regions responsible for executive function and those involved in more basic processing and emotional responses.</p>
<p>The study further explored how ADHD traits—quantified using the attention problems subscale of the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL)—are related to functional brain connectivity. Consistent with the diagnostic group findings, the analysis revealed positive associations between ADHD traits and specific patterns of brain connectivity.</p>
<p>Higher scores on the attention problems subscale, indicating more pronounced ADHD traits, were associated with increased connectivity between the caudate and regions in the left and right middle and superior temporal gyri, insula, and inferior parietal lobe. Similar associations were observed between the nucleus accumbens and frontal brain areas.</p>
<p>Importantly, these associations were not merely repetitions of the diagnostic comparisons but provided further evidence of the specific neural connections that correlate with the severity and presence of ADHD symptoms in a broader population sample.</p>
<p>The research is particularly noteworthy for its scale and the robustness of its methodology. Previous studies examining the neural correlates of ADHD have often been limited by small sample sizes, which can lead to inconsistent and unreliable findings. By leveraging a vast dataset that included thousands of participants, this study was able to detect subtle yet significant differences in brain connectivity associated with ADHD. Such large-scale analyses provide a more reliable basis for understanding complex disorders like ADHD, which exhibit a wide range of symptoms and severity levels.</p>
<p>“In summary, we conducted the largest study to date on changes in subcortico-cortical connectivity in ADHD,” the researchers wrote. “The brain regions showing altered connectivity align with fronto-striatal models of the disorder, but the effects observed were small. Resting-state subcortico-cortical connectivity can only capture a small fraction of the complex pathophysiology of ADHD.”</p>
<p>However, the research also faced limitations, including the study’s cross-sectional nature, which restricts the ability to determine causality or changes in brain connectivity over time. The study also combined data from different sources with varied imaging techniques and participant demographics, which could affect the findings’ generalizability. Additionally, while the study controlled for several potential confounding factors, its ability to definitively link brain connectivity patterns to ADHD symptoms is constrained by the complexity of the disorder and the brain’s functioning.</p>
<p>Future research directions suggested by the team include longitudinal studies to track changes in brain connectivity and ADHD symptoms over time, further exploration of the disorder’s genetic aspects, and investigations into how these brain connectivity patterns relate to treatment outcomes. Such studies could provide deeper insights into ADHD’s neurobiological mechanisms and lead to more targeted and effective treatments.</p>
<p>The study, “<a href="https://ajp.psychiatryonline.org/doi/10.1176/appi.ajp.20230026">Subcortico-Cortical Dysconnectivity in ADHD: A Voxel-Wise Mega-Analysis Across Multiple Cohorts</a>,” was authored by Luke J. Norman, Gustavo Sudre, Jolie Price, and Philip Shaw.</p>
EDIT: I found something looking through the source code on Github. I couldn’t find anything at first, but then I searchedfor “periodic” and found something in middelwared/main.py....
@nutomic This is a cool idea! But I have a lot of questions about how the heck you make a think like Wikipedia work in a federated way. Are articles duplicated on each instance, or do we lose some of them when an instance goes down? How does moderation work? How do I search it?
Also, I see someone else posting screenshots, but the link you posted takes me out of my Mastodon app to a Lemmy page where I don't see any links to Ibis itself.
(Saw some criticism of the name there. Ibis is an awesome & appropriate name, IMO.)
Ok, I get it: the majority of users on Lemmy are browsing by “all”, which puts a lot of content on their feeds that they are not interested in. I’ve already got in many arguments to try to explain this is kind of absurd and everyone would be better off if they went to curate the communities they are interested in. But I...
Hi there! Looks like you linked to a Lemmy community using a URL instead of its name, which doesn’t work well for people on different instances. Try fixing it like this: !thenetherlands, !france, !chilepedalea
EDIT : !loneliness has been created . The /c/ will also work as suicide watch. It was @wesker 's idea to change the /c/ to include lonely people more ....
Hi there! Looks like you linked to a Lemmy community using a URL instead of its name, which doesn’t work well for people on different instances. Try fixing it like this: !depression_now
I’m not sure when it gets to the legal side of things. It’s probably really difficult (as it’s always the case with law ;-) depends on the jurisdiction of the harmed user, the instance’s jurisdiction and yours. And the case-specific details.
I’m not a lawyer but I’d say it’s not necessarily you in the line. Even if you willed the specific community into existence. The instance owner is providing the service. And it’s also them having the final say in things and they have the logs if something goes wrong. And the actual offense is also commited by somebody else. So it’s primarily their responsibility.
I think I’m more concerned with the ethical side. And if I were you I’d pay attention it doesn’t interfere with the career. So I’d stay pseudonymous and not use my real name.
You’re probably more qualified than some other random person. And always thinking about the negative extreme isn’t getting people anywhere. It’s more the people who just try things who succeed. And sometimes great things come from it. That’d be arguments to do it. In your cases there are bad consequences if you do it wrong. This isn’t the case for casual conversation on Lemmy, but you can also really help people.
Some Ideas: Try distributing the responsibility over more shoulders. Some communities have mods spread across the ocean so there’s someone awake most of the time. And on Lemmy there are lots of people from the USA and from Germany. And you can manage expectations. Tell people what to expect and how to handle negative experiences. That enables them to make a decision for themselves.
I’d like to add that is just my opinion and what my common sense provides me with. So despite me wording this a bit factually, it’s just my 2 cents.
This is hardly even the worst offender; it gets worse as the number of internal class members goes up, since they all get listed out. This whole section should just be dropped in favor of simply listing the class name. Further down, there’s a bulleted list of the params, which is what you actually want.
In fact, there’s plenty more in that doc that could be fixed. For example:
<span style="color:#323232;">parser.add_argument('integers', metavar='N', type=int, nargs='+',
</span><span style="color:#323232;"> help='an integer for the accumulator')
</span>
Too many parameters on each line. Do this instead:
<span style="color:#323232;">parser.add_argument(
</span><span style="color:#323232;"> 'integers',
</span><span style="color:#323232;"> metavar = 'N',
</span><span style="color:#323232;"> type = int,
</span><span style="color:#323232;"> nargs = '+',
</span><span style="color:#323232;"> help = 'an integer for the accumulator'
</span><span style="color:#323232;">)
</span>
This also puts more whitespace around the key/value pairs, which gives your eyes more resting point. In general, erring on the side of additional whitespace around non-alphanum characters tends to improve readability.
This style can come into conflict with coding rules about max function length. The solution to that is to be flexible about max function length. I would rather see 40 simple lines than 10 with everything jammed up together.
Edit: interestingly, my Lemmy instance seems to handle syntax highlighting on the second add_argument example better than the first. That might just be the implementation, though; my vim setup seems to handle highlighting both equivalently.
TL,DR: beginner tries to set up NextCloud via docker components without having a domain. Trying to access via IP doesn’t work. Probably made a few mistakes/missed some important stuff along the way...
If you don’t want to get a domain name perhaps you can go with Duck DNS then use Caddy for the reverse proxy to your NextCloud instance. Download the DuckDNS plugin for Caddy and set up DNS Challenge to have Caddy fetch a Let’s Encrypt cert for you and update it when needed.
You also have the option to point your DuckDNS domain name to a private IP address on your LAN if you need to.
The only bad part is that you have to type a long URL but you will also get a valid cert with a free domain.
<p>In a study conducted by researchers at Washington State University, the intricate relationship between vulnerable narcissism and aggression within socially uncertain contexts was unpacked. The study, published in <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2023.112204"><em>Personality and Individual Differences</em></a>, revealed that while social uncertainty heightened distress, it did not necessarily lead to increased aggression — challenging previous notions about the dynamics of narcissism and aggressive behavior.</p>
<p>Narcissism, characterized by a spectrum ranging from self-centered tendencies to the more severe Narcissistic Personality Disorder, has been closely linked to aggressive behaviors. Traditional models, such as the threatened egotism model, have previously suggested that narcissists show aggression when their inflated self-image is challenged.</p>
<p>However, the present study aimed to explore beyond reactive aggression, focusing on proactive aggression, which is unprovoked, and how it may relate to the less studied facet of narcissism known as vulnerable narcissism. Unlike its counterpart (grandiose narcissism), vulnerable narcissism is marked by a fragile self-esteem masked by a sense of entitlement — potentially making individuals more reactive to uncertain social situations.</p>
<p>Given the association between narcissism and aggression, the researchers wanted to understand the underlying mechanisms better — namely, the role of social uncertainty. Previous studies indicated that narcissists may exhibit proactive aggression as a means to assert dominance, especially in unsteady social interactions. This study aimed to experimentally manipulate social uncertainty to observe how it may impact the relationship between vulnerable narcissism and proactive aggression.</p>
<p>In the study, 186 participants were randomly assigned to experience either a socially uncertain or certain scenario through a structured conversation with a partner — followed by an opportunity to exhibit aggression by assigning puzzles of varying difficulty levels. All participants averaged 22 years of age and were recruited from a university in the Northwestern United States — with 80.1% of them identifying as female.</p>
<p>The studyʼs unique approach allowed for the manipulation of social uncertainty and the observation of aggression in a controlled setting. The researchers hypothesized that individuals with higher levels of vulnerable narcissism would demonstrate increased proactive aggression in uncertain social situations.</p>
<p>The manipulation of social uncertainty was successful. Participants in the uncertain condition reported higher levels of distress. However, this distress did not translate into an increase in proactive aggression. This suggests that while social uncertainty can make feelings of discomfort among individuals with vulnerable narcissism worse, it may not directly lead to aggressive behavior.</p>
<p>The study’s reliance on experimental manipulation via Zoom (due to COVID-19) and its predominantly female sample may have influenced the results. Additionally, the measure used to assess aggression, the puzzle task, may not fully capture how proactive versus reactive aggression progresses. These limitations indicate that future research could benefit from more immersive experimental designs and a balanced gender representation to correct these, amongst other, possible limitations.</p>
<p>The research team, led by Hyunah Kim and Christopher T. Barry at Washington State University, alongside Ashley N. Fowler, Brianna M. Halter, and Samantha L. Radcliffe, authored this study — published as “<a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0191886923001277">An experimental manipulation of social uncertainty to explore the relation between vulnerable narcissism and proactive aggression.”</a></p>
<p>Researchers recently embarked on a fascinating journey to understand how constructed languages (conlangs) in popular fantasy culture—such as J.R.R. Tolkien’s Black Speech—evoke specific impressions in listeners. The results, published in<a href="https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/00238309231202944"> <em>Language and Speech</em></a>, uncovered several factors that influence perceptions of conlangs, irrespective of the context in which it is presented.</p>
<p>“Personally, I have been a huge fan of Tolkien for a long time. And I always found it amazing how he chose the names for people or locations that were quite fitting. The languages he invented seemed to be designed in order to invoke beauty or evilness,” said study author <a href="https://www.linguistik.hu-berlin.de/de/institut/professuren/phonetik/mitarbeiter/mooshammer">Christine Mooshammer</a>, a professor of German Language and Linguistics at Humboldt University in Berlin.</p>
<p>“So what makes words sound pleasant or unpleasant? Is it in the sounds themselves or the image we have about the speakers? There are some studies on the individual perception of natural languages with the limitation that participants can associate foreign languages with the respective cultures, in other words: the problem of stereotypes. This problem can be solved by testing languages that (most) people cannot recognize, such as constructed languages.”</p>
<p>“As a professor in phonetics I thought this might also interest some students and proposed a class ‘Why does Orkish sound evil?’ My expectations were really exceeded: some of the students were also conlangers who had already invented a couple of languages.”</p>
<p>For their study, the researchers selected a diverse array of twelve conlangs from popular fantasy literature and media — including the Lord of the Rings, Star Trek, and Game of Thrones — ensuring a range of phonetic and phonological characteristics were represented. These languages were chosen based on their fictional cultural backgrounds and the intentions of their creators regarding the sounds and overall aesthetic of the language.</p>
<p>The study included 129 German speakers. These participants were asked to listen to audio recordings of sentences in these various conlangs and rate them on three scales: pleasantness, goodness (versus evil), and peacefulness (versus aggression). The sentences were recorded by two speakers (one female and one male) in a neutral tone, without emotional inflection or special sound effects. Importantly, the sentences were presented without any context or information about the fictional cultures they represented, focusing the participants’ attention purely on the auditory experience.</p>
<p>In terms of pleasantness, goodness, and peacefulness, the researchers found that Klingon from Star Trek and Dothraki from Game of Thrones were the most negatively rated, while Tolkien’s Elvish languages Quenya and Sindarin were the most positively rated.</p>
<p>The researchers also found that languages with a higher percentage of voiced intervals were rated more positively across all scales, indicating that voicing contributes to a more pleasant or agreeable auditory experience. Voiced intervals refer to segments where the vocal cords vibrate to produce sound. This vibratory action is a critical aspect of producing vowels and certain consonants. Voicing is the difference between sounds like /b/, /d/, /g/ (voiced consonants) and /p/, /t/, /k/ (voiceless consonants).</p>
<p>An unexpected outcome of the study was the relatively positive reception of Orkish, a language intended by Tolkien to sound menacing and harsh. The findings suggested that the Neo-Orkish samples used in the study were perceived as more pleasant and less aggressive than anticipated.</p>
<p>“One of our main findings was that Orkish doesn’t sound evil without the special effects, seeing the speakers and hearing the growls and hissing sounds in the movies,” Mooshammer told PsyPost. “Therefore, the average person should be aware of the effect of stereotypes that do influence the perception of a language. Do languages such as German sound orderly and unpleasant and Italian beautiful and erotic because of its sound or just based on one’s own attitude toward its speakers? ”</p>
<p>Further dissecting the phonological and phonetic dimensions, Mooshammer and her colleagues found that the percentage of sounds not present in the listener’s native language (German in this case) had a notable impact on the ratings. Languages with a higher proportion of non-native sounds were rated more negatively, suggesting that unfamiliar phonetic elements contribute to a perception of otherness or strangeness, affecting the overall aesthetic and emotional response.</p>
<p>Mooshammer noted that previous research has hinted at a complex relationship between social stereotyping and sound structure. A study published in <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0079742120300037"><em>Psychology of Learning and Motivation</em></a> in 2020 found a correlation between familiarity with a language and its aesthetic appeal to a listener. At the same time, however, languages with higher sonority scores were perceived as more pleasant, while those with syllable-timed rhythms were preferred over stress-timed languages, suggesting intrinsic emotional associations of specific phonetic properties.</p>
<p>But the new study, like all research, includes limitations. For example, the reliance on short excerpts to represent each language might not have allowed participants to fully grasp the phonetic and phonological richness of the conlangs, potentially affecting their ability to accurately assess the intended emotional qualities.</p>
<p>“Our sound examples were very short,” Mooshammer explained. “In our next study, we will present longer stimuli and less languages. And, in the current study, we cannot really exclude that our participants thought they recognized a language and then judged it according the their prejudices.”</p>
<p>Looking forward, the researchers aim to discern whether there are universal traits that determine these aesthetic judgments or if such perceptions are heavily influenced by an individual’s native language and the spectrum of languages they are familiar with.</p>
<p>“Our long-term goal is to find out what makes a language (natural or constructed) sound beautiful or evil,” Mooshammer said. “Are there any universal traits or does it depend on your native language or the languages you already know? And can we really separate phonaesthetics from our image of the speakers that speak this language?”</p>
<p>The research team is actively seeking participation in an ongoing experiment designed to explore these questions in greater depth. By collecting a broader dataset across a diverse range of languages and listener backgrounds, the team hopes to shed light on the complex dynamics of phonaesthetic perception. Interested individuals are encouraged to participate in the study by visiting <a href="https://warpgrid.xyz/conlang-experiment/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://warpgrid.xyz/conlang-experiment/</a>.</p>
<p>The study, “<a href="https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/00238309231202944" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Does Orkish Sound Evil? Perception of Fantasy Languages and Their Phonetic and Phonological Characteristics</a>,” was authored by Christine Mooshammer, Dominique Bobeck, Henrik Hornecker, Kierán Meinhardt, Olga Olina, Marie Christin Walch, and Qiang Xia.</p>
I am not a native English speaker and I have sometimes referred to people as male and female (as that is what I have been taught) but I have received some backlash in some cases, especially for the word “female”, is there some negative thought in the word which I am unaware of?...
Sensitivities during Covid ran high. A lot of things changed then. For instance in the software world removing the name “master” from git usage, and on the TV Show Survivor, the host not saying his famous line “come on in guys”. At the same time pronouns became a huge thing, and these seemingly gender specific or sensitive word terms were targeted.
You are correct, there was a round of this in the 90s or so, where job titles like “waitress”, “stewardess”, “policeman” were all adjusted. I see that as a very different round of language change.
Joplin, and what ultimately pushed me away from it was the portability of the data within it—I didn’t love that I wasn’t ultimately just working with a folder of Markdown
I believe you did miss something, Joplin “stores notes in Markdown format. Markdown is a simple way to format text that looks great on any device and, while it’s formatted text, it still looks perfectly readable in a plain text editor.” Source: joplinapp.org/help/apps/rich_text_editor/
You have have a bunch of options when it comes to synchronization:
You can just point it at some folder and it will store the files there and then sync it with any 3rd party solution you would like. I personally use WebDav because it’s more convenient (iOS support) and it’s very easy to get a Nginx instance to serve what it needs:
I was already using Nginx as a reverse proxy / SSL termination for FileBrowser so it was just a couple of lines to get it running a WebDAV share for Joplin.
Is FileBrowser doing any cross-device syncing at all, or is it as it appears on the surface
FileBrowser doesn’t do cross-device syncing and that’s the point, I don’t ever want it doing it. For sync I use Syncthing, I just run both on my NAS and have them pointed at the same folder. All of my devices run Syncthing and sync their data with the NAS so this way I can have the NAS working as a central repository and everything is available through FileBrowser.
<p>A recent study provides new insights into how maternal and fetal genes contribute to the growth of a baby’s cerebral cortex, the brain’s outer layer responsible for many of its higher functions. Published in <em><a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-024-45409-6" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Nature Communications</a></em>, the research not only underscores the genetic variants linked to higher birth weight and an enlarged cerebral cortex but also highlights the influence of environmental factors, such as food availability, on these genetic interactions.</p>
<p>The motivation behind this study was to deepen our understanding of early brain development, which plays a pivotal role in determining cognitive abilities and mental health outcomes later in life. By focusing on the cerebral cortex, the brain region responsible for many higher-order functions such as thought, memory, and decision-making, researchers aimed to dissect the factors contributing to its growth <em>in utero</em>.</p>
<p>“We are interested in early brain development because we know how important it is for future cognitive capacities and mental health. And studying what drives growth of the brain in the womb is one way to start,” explained study author <a href="https://recherche.umontreal.ca/english/our-researchers/professors-directory/researcher/is/in34310/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Tomas Paus</a>, a professor at the University of Montreal, scientist in the Research Centre of the Mother and Child Hospital, and co-editor of <em><a href="https://mitpress.mit.edu/9780262548137/digital-ethology/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Digital Ethology: Human Behaviour in Geospatial Context</a></em>.</p>
<p>“It is important to note that we are able to look for answers to these questions not only by imaging the brain during this period but also by looking at the adult brain – simply because most of the growth of the cerebral cortex is happening in the womb and during the first couple of years after birth. So looking at the brain – the total area of the cerebral cortex (~1,800 cm2) – of a middle-aged person is providing a window into early development, and everything in our genes and environment that influence this early growth.”</p>
<p>To investigate this, the researchers turned to the UK Biobank, a rich biomedical database that includes genetic, health, and demographic information from over half a million participants across the United Kingdom. Specifically, they focused on a subset of participants for whom detailed birth weight data, genetic information, and brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans were available.</p>
<p>The team first identified genetic variants associated with birth weight by examining both maternal and fetal genes. They distinguished between genes directly influencing the fetus’s birth weight and those affecting the intrauterine environment, thereby influencing fetal growth indirectly.</p>
<p>For the fetal aspect, they found genes linked to insulin action to be pivotal, highlighting insulin’s role in growth and energy regulation. Maternally, genes that enhance the cell’s ability to detoxify emerged as significant, underscoring the mother’s environmental and physiological influence on fetal development.</p>
<p>With these genetic markers in hand, the researchers then turned to the MRI scans to measure the surface area of the cerebral cortex. By applying sophisticated imaging analysis techniques, they were able to quantify the cortical surface area in thousands of adults, providing a window back into the critical periods of brain development in the womb and early life.</p>
<p>The analysis yielded several key findings. First, they confirmed a positive association between higher birth weight and a larger cortical surface area, underscoring the link between overall fetal growth and brain development. More intriguingly, they discovered that the genetic variants in both the mother and baby associated with birth weight were also linked to the size of the cerebral cortex.</p>
<p>Further analysis revealed that the relative importance of maternal and fetal genetic variants in determining cortical size could vary based on external conditions, notably food availability. This was dramatically illustrated by examining individuals born during or shortly after the Dutch famine of 1944-45.</p>
<p>In individuals born during or shortly after this period, maternal genes associated with detoxification had a more pronounced effect on the growth of the cerebral cortex. This suggests that under conditions of food scarcity, the ability to detoxify, potentially linked to the mother’s ability to process and eliminate toxins, becomes more crucial for fetal brain development.</p>
<p>Interestingly, the researchers observed that this pattern of relationships between maternal detoxification genes and cortical growth seemed to reemerge in the children of those exposed to famine, hinting at a potential transgenerational transmission of these effects.</p>
<p>Paus told PsyPost he was surprise by “the fact that different sets of ‘birthweight’ genes relate to the cortical growth depending on when the person was born, namely during WWII or ~10 years later. We interpreted this finding as reflecting differences in food availability, scarce during the war and abundant later.”</p>
<p>“We were also quite surprised to see that the same pattern of this relationship reemerged about 20 years later, hinting at possible transgenerational transmission of this possible effect of environment (food availability).”</p>
<p>The findings highlight that the “healthy growth of the baby during pregnancy also means health growth of their brains,” Paus explained. “We must do what we can to ensure that all pregnant women have access to healthy food and free health care.”</p>
<p>The study, while groundbreaking, is not without its limitations. For instance, while it robustly links birth weight and cortical growth to specific genetic and environmental factors, the observational nature of the study and its reliance on historical data mean that direct causal relationships are difficult to establish. Moreover, the potential for transgenerational effects, suggested by the findings, opens up new avenues for exploration but requires more direct evidence to be fully understood.</p>
<p>“As with any observational study, we cannot make any causal inferences,” Paus said. “And, of course, we do not know what the pregnant mothers ate – remember, they were pregnant with the persons we studied many years earlier, as far back as during WWII.”</p>
<p>Future research will aim to build on these findings, exploring ways to optimize brain growth during pregnancy, Paus said. “And – if this was not possible in some cases for whatever reason – finding ways we can compensate for a suboptimal growth later in childhood so that we can maximize cognitive abilities of the child and minimize the risk of mental illness later in life.”</p>
<p>The study, “<a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-024-45409-6" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Intrauterine growth and the tangential expansion of the human cerebral cortex in times of food scarcity and abundance</a>,” was authored by Daniel E. Vosberg, Igor Jurisica, Zdenka Pausova, and Tomáš Paus.</p>
So I recently put togheter a NAS and now I’m trying to learn to use it. I got a few questions if anyone can point me to some documentation or tutorial:...
Yes. In the TrueNAS UI you can configure users and groups. You can add users to common groups and set the permissions of the share to allow for group read/write. If all of the clients are on Windows, I wanna say you can set permissions on the share via Windows Explorer which will allow you to make more granular permission changes.
I forget exactly because I only briefly used TrueNAS in this capacity, but there was a community repo you need to add for more apps than the default. I think I remember the default repo having Emby but not Jellyfin, or vice-versa. Someone may be able to help me remember the name of the repo in the comments.
Set up the app as normal for local access and just forward the port from your router to the IP of your TrueNAS instance. There wasn’t anything tricky you need to do beyond a regular installation.
One of the comments reads : Actually, we will probably never figure out, was it man or woman. but I thought this comment of the professor was an interesting eye opener. mastodonapp.uk/
But the point is soo much of history ignores the female perspective (or the non-european perspective). Sometimes intentionally like all the female scientists that contribute to foundational studies and don’t get their name on the published paper.
And this is really damaging; I have a family member that legitimately believes that european-descent men are the smartest throughout history (when I brought up the Islamic Golden Age as a counter example he accused it of being propaganda).
American schools are so bad at teaching diverse history. So many still struggle with the basic truths about Columbus and the Natives.
Hi there! Looks like you linked to a Lemmy community using a URL instead of its name, which doesn’t work well for people on different instances. Try fixing it like this: !techsupport
This probably was asked countless times already, but given the amount of possible combinations of all the hardware and software, this is probably not surprising....
As someone that has little to no understanding on how federated instances interact with each other, I am oblivious to the reasons why anyone from one instance would have anything against someone from another instance. Regardless of instances, some people have the skills to interact with others, and some should be locked away in some Siberian jail without access to internet, or any living being for that matter. I am glad that you brought this up, because some individuals need to read stuff like this regularly to be brought back to reality. If it wasn’t for each of the groups you mentioned, there would be no Lemmy at all, it’s that simple. We all need to take a step back and look at this from a broader perspective, in order to appreciate the amazing potential and accomplishments brought to us by this platform. There are not too many places on the internet in which we all get to voice our opinions and can find others with whom to have a constructive discussion (for the most part), thus we should be doing anything in our power to make this a safe haven for all of us. It’s close to impossible to completely do away with the intolerant and the self-serving crowds, but all in all, Lemmy has veen, together with Mastodon, an incredible replacement to the shit show that Reddit became. So I’m on instance “whatever”, how does that determine what I’m about? I picked the instance I’m on solely on the fact that it said “Lemmy” and was one of the shortest instance names, go figure. If we could have 1 person that thinks like you out of every 10, Lemmy would be the safest and most productive place on the web. Unfortunately, we’re all too narcissistic to allow ourselves to meditate in what we could be doing wrong, because its easier to find that others are at fault for thinking differently, and that’s, sadly, the current state of the world. I constantly learn new things in here, even have started some direct conversations with others that are interested in similar things but have different approach to them, which has opened my mind to new horizons. When you take Philosophy, Religion, Political views, technology, Culture, Languages and expertise, we all have at least 1 point of view different to someone else, guaranteed, which is what makes Lemmy such an enriching experience when we’re willing to listen yo the rest with the mindset that “nobody has the absolute truth”. Those not willing to do this, I’ve nothing against them, as its their loss, not mine.
What can we do when something is too vast to provide representative examples for?
I feel like often people ask me “Oh yea? Name some examples.” and the burden is on me to prove something by providing representative examples. But often it’s so overwhelming how many examples there are for something that I feel obligated then to either list everything, or try extra hard to find good examples, and even then...
What would be an example of a healthy online conversation?
I’m looking for any examples that you might have encountered and links to them.
Timing of Periodic Mainteance Tasks on TrueNAS Scale
EDIT: I found something looking through the source code on Github. I couldn’t find anything at first, but then I searchedfor “periodic” and found something in middelwared/main.py....
Announcing Ibis, the federated Wikipedia Alternative (ibis.wiki)
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Ask Fediverse: can you please stop downvoting posts in communities you do not participate?
Ok, I get it: the majority of users on Lemmy are browsing by “all”, which puts a lot of content on their feeds that they are not interested in. I’ve already got in many arguments to try to explain this is kind of absurd and everyone would be better off if they went to curate the communities they are interested in. But I...
(De)centralisation of Lemmy communities in numbers
cross-posted from: kbin.social/m/fediverse/t/893150...
[META] Should i open a suicide watch /c/ ? EDIT: The /c/ has been made read the body for info.
EDIT : !loneliness has been created . The /c/ will also work as suicide watch. It was @wesker 's idea to change the /c/ to include lonely people more ....
Solutions? Where we're going, we don't need solutions. (lemmy.world)
Please dont take this seriously guys its just a dumb meme I haven’t written a single line of code in half of these languages
Beginner needs help with setting NextCloud without a domain
TL,DR: beginner tries to set up NextCloud via docker components without having a domain. Trying to access via IP doesn’t work. Probably made a few mistakes/missed some important stuff along the way...
Is "female" offensive?
I am not a native English speaker and I have sometimes referred to people as male and female (as that is what I have been taught) but I have received some backlash in some cases, especially for the word “female”, is there some negative thought in the word which I am unaware of?...
[Solved] Self Hosted Calendar
Hi, everyone!...
[SOLVES]Help with Nexcloud on truenas scale
So I recently put togheter a NAS and now I’m trying to learn to use it. I got a few questions if anyone can point me to some documentation or tutorial:...
How often had I overlooked women's contributions ? (lemmy.ml)
One of the comments reads : Actually, we will probably never figure out, was it man or woman. but I thought this comment of the professor was an interesting eye opener. mastodonapp.uk/
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To buy no longer means anything (youtu.be)
I’ve just watched the video. I find it pretty outrageous. The word about it should spread.
Help needed: State of graphics stack on linux for Gaming (OPTIMUS laptop)
This probably was asked countless times already, but given the amount of possible combinations of all the hardware and software, this is probably not surprising....
I am extremely grateful to everybody involved with Lemmy. That includes you!
Hello!...