I'm definitely not an authority on the situation but from what I gather it's very much like the relationship between the US and native nations here. There are treaties and agreements and so on... but the US is very selective about actually giving a shit and more often than not will err on the side of ignoring anything that happens on a reservation.
The same seems to be true between the Aussie government and the Indigenous peoples, but there are nuances there that my white American ass is nowhere near qualified to go into.