Open carry was pretty much always banned in the United States.
The early cases make a clear distinction between habitual open, carry and purposive open carry.
Habitual open carry, where you wear your gun as a garment just to show it off, was viewed as a sign of a lawless society. It was looked down upon and was illegal in civil places as a breach of peace.
Purposive open carry was legal at common law for people with an obvious need to carry, such as bankers, stagecoach drivers, and police. That’s why every state’s gun laws read the way they do, for the most part: declaring that carrying is illegal except in specific circumstances, one of which is that the bearer has a permit and the weapon is concealed, another is that the bearer is a police officer, or on their way two and from hunting, or to and from the range, etc.