also, and I will keep beating this drum, obama had the fed rate at 2.5 about when he left office and trump whined and bullied the fed to bring it to zero just before covid because they where "conspiring" to ruin his economy. fed rates should only be lowered when there is cause (like a pandemic) and not because he want stock market to go burr. idealy its raised and lowered slowly but because trump pushed it unnaturally low we had to have the sudden big jumps under biden.