In this day and age there needs to be a non-corporate independent panel that categorizes by type and sets a steep price on each lb or kg of air pollution.
That way when this shit happens they get hit with a bill high enough it can’t be just added to the business as operating costs.
Give them x days to pay and charge interest like a corp would do to normal people. Having the gov’t back this panel would be better.
Pass laws locally in the areas these plants exist and start there.