Compare, say, convictions by race to population by race. When 3% of the population is black and 10%of the convictions are black people, there’s an odd disparity. Now, a number of things could be happening there. Maybe black people are committing 3 times more crime than the population average. Maybe cops are charging black people more for a given crime than other races. Maybe black people are disadvantaged in some other way that’s causing more crime than the average. The chart doesn’t really say, and I’m not interested in doing a deep sociopolitical dive to have an idea why.
There are certainly issues with cultural beliefs causing crime which really can’t be ignored. Honor killings, where, for instance, a woman is killed because getting raped brings dishonor to the family and killing her somehow restores it, will increase crime rates on a purely cultural basis. But this chart isn’t going to show that, either. My Caribbean friend and my Nigerian friend have very different opinions on certain subjects, because culture doesn’t necessarily follow skin color.