I’m in my late 20s, been coding since middle school. Worked in the industry one way or another for 7 years or so.
Sadly you’re experiencing the reality of small-medium sized companies.
For the vast majority of my “career” I’ve been flying solo on my projects. Guessing what my boss/the customer means when they tell me what they want.
My advice is this: finish whatever project you’re on, or bring it to a point where you can reasonably hand it off. Use the remainder of your first year to find a new employer.
Try to go for a bigger company rather than another small one. Corporate bloat is annoying but there will be structure, seniors to help your skillset develop, code reviews, specified requirements etc.