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twistedtxb ,
@twistedtxb@lemmy.ca avatar

Everything that has lots of wired coil (motors, generators, turbines, wireless charging)

Less resistance = less energy lost in these endless wire coils.

Yondoza ,

Ok, I see a lot of false info in here. EE chiming in here.

Minor efficiency improvements: consumer electronics, batteries, solar panels, CPUs/GPUs

Major efficiency improvements: power transmission, wireless power transmission, electric motors, high density electro-magnets (used in fusion, MRI, etc), ‘traditional’ energy generation techniques that spin a thing to produce electricity (wind, nuclear, hydro, gas, (even coal, but let’s pretend coal doesn’t exist)).

Outside of my expertise, but I’m speculating major improvements: wired and wireless data transmission (antenna tech)

The implications that excite me the most are mostly around transportation.

-Realistically, of existing technologies I think electric motors are the biggest winner with superconductors. For the most part, the size and power of electric motors are constrained by how to get the electrical waste heat out. With superconductors you don’t have electrical waste heat. You can create incredibly small, powerful, efficient electric motors with super conductors. This means efficiency gains in so many of our big ‘energy sinks’ right now. Transportation, air conditioning, manufacturing… I mean it would be a largely unnoticed improvement to almost every aspect of our modern lives.

-Cars with close to 100% regenerative braking (superconductors+capacitors for temporary energy storage) You could stop at a red light and accelerate back to the same speed ‘for net-zero energy’. THAT IS BANANAS! A current conventional gas car burns fuel for ~30% efficiency, the other 70% is waste heat. Then after you’ve done all that inefficient work to get moving you hit the brakes and USE FRICTION TO TURN YOUR MOMENTUM INTO MORE WASTE HEAT! Bugs the bajesus out of me! Superconductors would make it much more practical to recoup energy when stopping a vehicle.

Then you can get into cool new technologies:

-Mag-Lev trains would be super cool. I don’t see a huge practical benefit since the mechanics of train wheels on rails are pretty efficient as is, but come on… levitating trains? so cool!

-Rail gun style space launch systems (unfortunately, this comes with rail gun style weapons too, sorry everybody!)

-Tokamak nuclear fusion reactors are currently constrained by the strength of the magnetic fields they can produce using electromagnets. The limiting factor is largely cooling for these electromagnets and the associated superconductors. Room temp superconductors allows for much more compact designs for the magnetic confinement infrastructure used in these facilities.

-You could make a friggin mag-lev skate park. Hoverboards! REAL FRIGGIN HOVERBOARDS could be produced!

-(I think) We can actually start talking about ‘active support’ structures. Buildings that would not be possible because of the compressive or tensile strength of known materials can be supplemented by active support through electromagnets!

-This removes probably the biggest constraint in electrical engineering and design. We will see amazing technology come out of this that none of us can predict.

EDIT (I’m just gonna keep adding these as they get mentioned elsewhere):

-Magnetic energy storage. Similar to how an electrical transformer works: You induce a current to flow which ‘stores’ the energy in a magnetic field. In the case of magnetic energy storage you just leave that current flowing. No resistance means it will flow indefinitely. You can then extract it directly or through interaction with the magnetic field.

Uprise42 ,

You touched on regenerative breaks, but what about for EV’s with power management? Will we see longer ranges on the same platform due to needing less power from the battery or is that going to require a full redesign

Yondoza ,

You certainly would see longer ranges for the same battery if you just swapped the cabling and motor over to superconducting versions, but there are kind of two scenarios at play here.

You have highway driving where a lot of your losses are mechanical due to high sustained speeds (air resistance and friction). Those wouldn’t go away, but your “electrical to mechanical” losses would be reduced, so you’d see modest improvements.

Then you have around town driving where your losses from accelerating and decelerating are much larger than the mechanical losses (air resistance and friction). Here with proper design changes I think you would see spectacular improvements in efficiency.

Unfortunately, this doesn’t help much with the EV ‘range anxiety’ issue haha. Go figure.

Uprise42 ,

I don’t have range anxiety lol. I think once most people get in an EV they would realize the anxiety isn’t needed. But seeing the boosts to range does help with that anxiety. I’ve been watching this and the solid state battery tech for a bit now. I’m not an expert in either but I feel like with solid state batteries finally hitting the market and now this, driving could be revolutionized in less than 10 years

Scubus ,

Only major thing you didn’t mention that I noticed is applications for quantum locking. From my understanding, superconductors would allow us to make frictionless, lubricationless “ball” bearings

Draegur ,

The potential for tech miniaturization alone is a massive deal.

Right now, one of the biggest obstacles toward packing more transistors into a given space is the fact that they radiate a shit ton of heat which must be removed by close to immediate contact with the heat sink.

Without the need to deal with a shit ton of waste heat, instead of only having one, or only a couple layers of transistors in a processor, you can stack that shit high. Volumetric processing. Instead of wider chips, we could have taller chips. Hell we could stop calling them chips, and start calling them blocks!

If our processors could be as dense vertically as they are horizontally, we would see entire orders of magnitude more processing power, and, because a lot of energy is not being lost to heat, it’s actually being used productively. Or in other words, you need less energy and yet can accomplish even more work.

Yondoza ,

The overwhelming majority of the heat from processors is not from resistive power dissipation, it’s from transistors switching state. This will not go away because of superconductors.

hallettj ,
@hallettj@beehaw.org avatar

I read in another comment somewhere that introducing a superconductor wouldn’t change the properties of the semiconductor bits. So the transistors themselves would still produce heat. But there are also full-conductor bits that produce heat that might be eliminated.

Hamartiogonic ,
@Hamartiogonic@sopuli.xyz avatar

Wireless charging of mobile devices generates lots of heat which then degrades the battery. If we had superconductors, the charger wouldn’t heat up at all no matter how high the current is. The chemical reactions inside the battery might still generate heat, but the rest of the system wouldn’t.

The chemistry obviously has its limitations too, but as far as the charger and internal electronics of the device are concerned, having superconductors would speed up the process.

frozenicecube ,
@frozenicecube@lemmy.ca avatar

Anything electric would be dramatically improved. Electric car range, consumer devices like computers and phones would have a huge jump in efficiency, etc. You name it basically.

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