It really sounds like you might have an anger management problem. I think you should try and speak with someone equipped to deal with that because losing your job sucks but that issue can run havoc over your personal life.
It’s a terrible situation to be in but the first piece of advice I can give you is to make space to cool down. If you ever feel your rage building just excuse yourself and find a quiet place to calm down and sort through your thoughts - missing fifteen minutes of work to sort through your feelings is worth it if you can avoid shouting. We’re all adults and we want to feel safe in our workplace, shouting at coworkers may have forever broken that trust with many of them (especially if, like me, you’re a big guy who is physically imposing).
Lastly, don’t build up anyone as an enemy in your mind. Speak to a professional before you assign blame - otherwise you’re going to be more likely to snap again.