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This study uncovers that activation of endogenous retroviruses affects prion-like spreading of proteopathic seeds. It supports that endogenous retroviruses play a role in protein misfolding diseases and suggest that antiviral drugs could represent promising candidates for inhibiting protein aggregate spreading....
Metformin is a widely prescribed anti-diabetic medicine that also reduces body weight. There is ongoing debate about the mechanisms that mediate metformin’s effects on energy balance. This study shows that metformin induces the formation of hunger-reducing metabolite N-lactoyl-phenylalanine (Lac-Phe), a byproduct of muscle...
Breast cancer diagnoses in women under 50 have increased significantly in the past two decades, primarily driven by estrogen-receptor positive tumors. This research highlights the importance of early detection and the need for prevention strategies. Prevention efforts in young women need to adopt a targeted approach to address...
cross-posted from: lemmy.world/post/11549319...
Quantum Leap in Graphite: Attoscience Lights the Way to Superconductivity::Advancements in attosecond soft-X-ray spectroscopy by ICFO researchers have transformed material analysis, particularly in studying light-matter interactions and many-body dynamics, with promising implications for future technological applications. X-ray...
Researchers at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory have made a groundbreaking discovery in flow battery design. They used a starch-derived additive called β-cyclodextrin, which boosted the battery’s capacity and longevity by 60% in a year-long experiment. This flow battery technology is crucial for large-scale energy...
This study shows that a ketogenic diet slows early Alzheimer’s memory loss in mice, in which the molecule beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), plays an important role thus offering hope for its application in human ageing and cognitive health....
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This research indicates that in neurodegenerative conditions ongoing stress caused by protein aggregation is leading to the death of brain cells. This reports a ubiquitin-dependent mechanism that silences the cellular response to stress. Stress response silencing was found to sustain cell survival even if stress resolution...
In these two new studies a new hypothesis for explaining the effectiveness of ECT as a treatment for depression symptoms proposes that ECT alleviates symptoms by increasing aperiodic activity, a type of electrical activity in the brain that doesn’t follow a consistent pattern and is generally considered to be the brain’s...
A recent study argues that scientists overly reliant on remote sensing and models miss important details about wet weather events, potentially affecting Earth systems models and scientific understanding. They advocate for direct, on-the-ground observations to improve data accuracy, inspire creativity, and enrich environmental...
This study reveals how life’s complexity could originate from simple RNA molecules on early Earth. Through experiments demonstrating RNA’s recycling and replication abilities under conditions such as low salinity and high pH, the research suggests life could emerge from minimal molecular sets in environments akin to volcanic...
This study investigates the factors regulating the nuclear entry of intact HIV-1 capsid using coarse-grained simulations and structural analysis. It demonstrates that modulating the capsid lattice elasticity can be an effective strategy for the development of antiviral drugs to prevent viral nuclear import and impair infection....
The findings challenge the conventional view of Parkinson’s disease pathology, which typically focuses on the protein alpha-synuclein as the classic diagnostic hallmark of the disease. The new study illustrates how tau pathology could be actively involved in the degeneration of dopamine-producing neurons in the brain,...
In this perspective, Fokas argues that computations reflect a small part of conscious thinking and that conscious thought itself is just one part of human cognition. An immense amount of unconscious work goes on behind the scenes....
This study shows that the reaction of dissolved hydrogen and bicarbonate with the iron-rich mineral magnetite under conditions similar to mild hydrothermal vents generate a range of molecules including fatty acids up to 18 carbon atoms in length. Their results may provide a plausible genesis of the organic molecules that form...
This study shows the development and capabilities of Coscientist, an artificial intelligence system driven by GPT-4 that autonomously designs, plans and performs complex experiments using tools such as documentation search, code execution and experimental automation....
Researchers have found that ancient stars could have generated elements heavier than those naturally found on Earth, with atomic masses over 260 by identifying excess abundances of elements in some stars consistent with these elements being fission products of even heavier elements, indicating that some r-process events make...
New research links menopause to cognitive deficits and brain atrophy, emphasizing the role of estrogen receptor beta in astrocytes. Findings from female mice studies suggest potential treatments targeting ERβ for improving cognition and reversing brain changes in menopause....
New research shows components of the SARS-CoV-2 virus remain in the gut of some long COVID patients, causing persistent inflammation, lowered serotonin levels, vagus nerve dysfunction, and neurological symptoms, shedding light on the mechanisms of how persistent inflammation after contracting the SARS-CoV-2 virus can cause...
