"An experiment was conducted. It was preregistered. The results section was written up in a way that reads as if the experiment worked as planned. But if you go back and forth between the results section and the preregistration plan, you realize that the purportedly successful results did not follow the preregistration plan.
They’re just the usual story of fishing and forking paths and p-hacking."
Former Stanford president retracts Nature paper as another gets expression of concern
"The two Nature papers – which have together been cited more than 1,000 times, according to Clarivate’s Web of Science – were among five the university investigation examined on which Tessier-Lavigne was the principal author. The other three have been retracted – two from Science and one from Cell."
"There is pressure to publish as scientists [...] There are labs that are run by big egos who might say to a young researcher, “Why did your experiment fail? I will hire someone else who will make it work [...] The graduate students and the postdocs might be the ones photoshopping, but who is responsible for the atmosphere and the integrity of the lab? That’s the professor" - @ElisabethBik
We have reached a point in academia that there is now a cost associated with failure - career, personal etc. This incentivizes fraud and is anti-thetical to science. Ironically, the tenure system was invented precisely to shield scientists from these costs and promote science.