The issue with cruise missiles and bombers as a response to artillery fire is the response time and air defences.
A cruise missile launched from well within Russia takes long enough to reach the target that mobile artillery has sufficient time to get out. You also need a significant amount of missiles if you want to get any through the air defences.
Bombers struggle to get in range for conventional bombs without being shot down. They also have the issue of response time.
Cruise missiles and bombers are more suited to rather stationary targets, like a command Center, FOB, strongpoint or trench system.