Appearing in various places around the globe, treaties are not only concluded between polities who share a similar idea of sovereignty or territorial rights, which does not disqualify them as instruments of #diplomacy The issue about intercultural treaties leads to the question of whether these agreements had an equal or unequal character. Clearly, different forms of unequal treaties existed from the seventeenth century onwards – colonial treaties and the unequal imperialist treaties implemented with Asian empires such as China, Japan or the Ottomans. In Canada, for example, the British crown concluded dozens of treaties with the indigenous populations with regard to settlements and land rights. Indigenous agency within these processes has often been overlooked in the study of these treaty negotiations. (9/10)