You may already know this, but this depends on the focal length of the lens. For example, a 50mm focal length on a 35mm camera will represent objects in the background fairly accurately. Larger focal lengths have background compression, making their background look closer than it actually is. Focal lengths below 50mm will have the opposite effect, making backgrounds appear further away.
Some phones with multiple cameras have a 50mm (or similar) effective focal length lens as one of the options. Basically without knowing the focal length of the lens it’s hard to say how accurately the distance of the background is portrayed.