Hmm. Okay so Music should be fairly manageble. Just have a local folder with your music in it and then sync it to your phone using Syncthing. Then you need to find a music player that you like and has the features that you want.
For Office Suite have a look at OnlyOffice. It’s pretty darn Microsoft Office compatible.
For 4. look at photoprism (www.photoprism.app) it’s a self hosted photo management platform.
I don’t know about 5 though. It looks like the scansnap scanners are supported in Linux but I don’t know about batch scanning or evernote. This you will have to figure out yourself